NgoJanuwari kulo nyaka uphelileyo, Iimbono malunga nokomeleza ngakumbi ukuLawulwa koNgcoliseko lwePlastiki olukhutshwe yiKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe kunye noMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo kwabizwa ngokuba "ngowona myalelo unamandla weplastiki kwimbali". IBeijing, iShanghai, iHainan kunye nezinye iindawo ziye zakhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa komyalelo weplastiki. Inguqulelo kaChengdu “Yowona Myalelo unamandla woThintelo lwePlastiki kwiMbali”-”Isicwangciso sokuSebenza saseChengdu sokuQinisa uLawulo lokuNgcoliseka kwePlastiki” siya kungena kubomi bomntu wonke kunye no-2021.
"Kodwa umgangatho ungaphezulu kancinci, uziva unesiphithiphithi, kwaye akukho mbono okwangoku." Umgangatho okhankanywe nguMnu. Yang, obandakanyeka kwimveliso yeemveliso zeplastiki, ubhekisela kumgangatho weengxowa zeplastiki ezinokonakala. Ukongeza kuMnu. Yang, abemi abaninzi badidekile malunga nomgangatho "weplasitiki umda wokukhawulela". "Ndiyawuxhasa kakhulu umda weplastiki, kodwa andazi ukuba yeyiphi iplastiki eyonakalayo."
Loluphi uhlobo lwesingxobo seplastiki esonakeleyo, kwaye kufuneka umgangatho uphawulwe? Intatheli yabuza ngemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye nodliwano-ndlebe namaziko ovavanyo.
I-Shangchao engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, kwaye izixhobo zinezandla ezahlukeneyo
Intatheli ityelele esi siza kwaye yafumanisa ukuba imigangatho yeengxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo ezisetyenziswa ziivenkile ezinkulu ezingasebenziyo ayihambelani.
Ibhegi yokuthenga yeplastiki enokubola esetyenziswa kwifamilymart iphawulwe ngu-GB/T38082-2019. Ngokomenzi, lo ngumgangatho osetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiingxowa zeplastiki ezichithwayo kwishishini.
Nangona kunjalo, iingxowa zokuthenga zeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa kwiivenkile ze-WOWO ezilula kuphela zinamagama athi "iingxowa zokukhusela okusingqongileyo ezonakeleyo", ngaphandle kokumakisha imigangatho yokuvelisa okanye iintlobo zeplastiki. Le ngxowa yeplastiki ivakala yahluke kancinane kwi-familymart's, ivakala ijiyile kwaye inomphezulu ogudileyo.
Ukongeza, umgangatho kwiingxowa zeplastiki kwiivenkile ezinkulu ezintathu yiPlastiki Shopping Bags (GB/T21661-2008). Ezinye iingxowa zeplastiki eziphumeza lo mgangatho ziprintwa kunye nesiqubulo esithi “ibhegi yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo” ukuya ekhaya”. Ngaba olu hlobo lwengxowa yeplastiki lunokonakala? Abarhwebi bathi azikho iingxowa zeplastiki ezonakaliswayo, kwaye amagama athi "ukhuseleko lwendalo" abhalwe ngethemba lokuba wonke umntu unokuwasebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi.
Ukongeza kutyelelo lwaseShangchao, intatheli yabona kwiziko lentengiso e-Erxianqiao ukuba kukho iindidi ezimbini zeengxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo ezithengiswa apha. Enye iyafana naleyo ikwivenkile ekwi-WOWO, enobuso obugudileyo, kwaye enye iyafana nengxowa yeplastiki eyonakalayo esetyenziswa kwifamilymart, enobunzima obulula.
Ukubuza kwi-Intanethi
Ukuphumeza imigangatho eyahlukeneyo, kwaye imigangatho iyahluka ngokwengingqi
Emva kokungena "iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokonakala" kwiwebhusayithi yokuthenga, intatheli yabonisana nevenkile ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu ezinexabiso eliphezulu lokuthengisa, kwaye yafunda ukuba iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokonakala ezithengiswa kwi-intanethi ziquka iindidi ezintathu: ukuchithwa kwe-biodegradation, ukuthotywa kwe-starch-based degradation kunye ne-photodegradation.
Phakathi kwazo, iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokubola zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziingxowa zeplastiki ezinokonakala ngokupheleleyo, kwaye umgangatho wokuphunyezwa yi-GB/T38082-2019. Umxube we-PBAT+PLA kunye ne-PBAT+PLA+ST yamkelwa, kwaye izinga lokubola elihambelanayo lingaphezulu kwe-90%. Izinto ezithambileyo, ibhegi eguquguqukayo, ukuthotywa kwendalo, kunye nexabiso elibiza kakhulu.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo ezisekelwe kwisitatshi ziqulethe i-bio-based corn starch ST30 yezinto ezinokuchithwa, kwaye umgangatho wokuphunyezwa yi-GB/T38079-2019. Umxube we-ST30 wesityalo se-corn starch wamkelwa, kwaye umxholo we-bio-based yi-20% -50%. Izinto eziphathekayo zithambile, isikhwama sinobisi kwaye siphuzi, esinokungcwatywa kwaye sithotywe, kwaye ixabiso liphakathi.
Isikhwama seplastiki esinefotodegradable yenziwe nge-photodegradable mineral kunye ne-inorganic powder MD40, kwaye umgangatho wokuphunyezwa yi-GB / T20197-2006. Umxube we-PE kunye ne-MD40 i-particle degradable particles yamkelwa, kwaye izinga lokuthotywa lingaphezulu kwe-30%. Izinto eziphathekayo zinzima kwi-touch, i-milky white bag, enokuthi itshiswe ibe ngumgubo, ingcwatywe kunye ne-photo-oxidized, kwaye ixabiso linoqoqosho kwaye liyasebenza.
Ngaphandle kwale migangatho mithathu ingentla, intatheli ayizange ibone i-GB/T21661-2008 kwingxelo yokuhlola enikwe ngabathengisi.
Abanye abarhwebi bathi iinkqubo ezininzi zasekuhlaleni zahlukile, kuxhomekeka kwindawo ezisetyenziswa kuyo. “Ukuthotywa kwezinto eziphilayo ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, kwaye kufuneka kufikelelwe kwi-100% yokuthotywa ngokupheleleyo emanzini. Okwangoku, i-Hainan ifuna ukuthotywa ngokupheleleyo kwe-biodegradation, kwaye ukuthotywa kwesitatshi kunye nokuthotywa kweefoto kunokusetyenziswa kwezinye iindawo.
Umahluko osemgangathweni
Umgangatho uye wayicacisa indlela yokumakisha: "yiphawule kwimveliso okanye kwipakethe yangaphandle"
Imigangatho yeengxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo iyakhazimla. Ngaba le milinganiselo ingasentla iyasebenza? Intatheli yabuza malunga nalo mba kwinkqubo yesizwe egcweleyo yokuvezwa kwesicatshulwa esipheleleyo kunye neewebhusayithi ezinxulumeneyo zolu shishino. Ngaphandle kokuba “iingxowa zeplastiki ze-GB/T21661-2008” zapheliswa ngoDisemba 31, 2020 zaza zathatyathelw’ indawo “ziingxowa zeplastiki ze-GB/T 21661-2020”, yonke eminye imigangatho iyasebenza ngoku.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-GB / T 20197-2006 ichaza inkcazo, ukuhlelwa, ukuphawula kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zokusebenza kweeplastiki ezichithwayo. Ngokwalo mgangatho, phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo zokusingqongileyo, emva kwexesha elithile kwaye kubandakanywa nenyathelo elinye okanye ngaphezulu, ukwakheka kweekhemikhali zezinto eziphathekayo kuya kutshintsha kakhulu kwaye ezinye iipropati ziya kulahleka, okanye iiplastiki ziya kuphulwa kwiiplastiki ezonakalisiwe. Ngokoyilo lwayo, iindlela zokugqibela zokuthotywa kweeplastiki ezinokonakala ziquka iiplastiki ezinokubola, iiplastiki ezivundisiweyo, iiplastiki ezinokuthotywa kunye neeplastiki ezonakaliswa yi-thermooxidative.
Ngelo xesha, kucetywayo kulo mgangatho ukuba xa usebenzisa iimpawu zeemveliso zeplastiki ezinokuchithwa, kufuneka ziphawulwe kwiimveliso okanye ukupakishwa kwangaphandle. I-polypropylene yeplastiki ye-photodegradable sheet eveliswa ngokwalo mgangatho iqulethe i-15% ye-mineral powder kunye ne-25% ye-glass fiber ngobunzima, kunye ne-5% ye-photosensitizer yongezwa. Ubude, ububanzi kunye nobukhulu yi-500mm, i-1000mm kunye ne-2mm ngokulandelelanayo, echazwe njenge-GB / T20197 / iplastiki ye-photodegradable PP-(GF25 + MD15) DPA5.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-17-2021
