Ngokuphunyezwa ngokusesikweni "komyalelo wokuvinjelwa kweplastiki", "abathengi abakhulu" bokusetyenziswa kweplastiki, njengeevenkile ezinkulu kunye nezinto ezithathwayo, kulo lonke ilizwe laqala ukuzisa amanyathelo okunciphisa iplastiki kunye namanyathelo okutshintsha. Iingcali zathi ulawulo longcoliseko lweplastiki lubandakanya zonke iinkalo, kwaye ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kunye nokulahlwa kweengxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo kufuneka zibe neenkqubo ezixhasayo ezihambelanayo, ezifuna ixesha elithile lokulungelelanisa. Kufuneka sigxininise kwiindidi eziphambili kunye neendawo eziphambili kuqala, kwaye senze amava athile ngaphambi kokuba ngokuthe ngcembe sisasazeke, ukuze kukhuthazwe ulawulo longcoliseko lweplastiki ngendlela enocwangco.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe kunye neSebe lezendalo kunye nokusiNgqongileyo bakhuphe iimbono malunga nokomeleza ngakumbi unyango lokungcoliseka kwePlastiki, eyahlulahlulwe yangamaxesha amathathu: 2020, 2022 kunye no-2025, kwaye yachaza iinjongo zomsebenzi. ukomeleza unyango longcoliseko lweplastiki ngokwezigaba. Ngo-2020, khokela ekuvalweni nasekuthinteleni ukuveliswa, ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki kwezinye iindawo kunye namasimi. Umthetho omtsha ohlaziyiweyo wenkunkuma eqinileyo, oqale ukusebenza nge-1 kaSeptemba 2020, ukwaqinise iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zolawulo longcoliseko lweplastiki, kwaye ulubeke lwacaca uxanduva olusemthethweni lwezenzo ezisemthethweni ezifanelekileyo.
Ukususela ngo-1 kaJanuwari kulo nyaka, "i-plastic ban order" iqalile ukusebenza. Ngaba onke amaqela alungile?
UShangchao watshintshela kwiiplastiki ezonakeleyo
Intatheli yafumanisa ukuba amaphondo angama-31 akhuphe izicwangciso zokuphunyezwa okanye izicwangciso zezenzo ezinxulumene nolawulo longcoliseko lweplastiki. Sithatha iBeijing njengomzekelo, iBeijing Plastic Pollution Action Plan (2020-2025) igxile kumashishini angundoqo amathandathu, angala, ukutya, iqonga lokuthatha, ivenkile kunye nokuthengisa, ukuhanjiswa kwe-e-commerce, umboniso wendawo kunye nemveliso yezolimo, kunye nokuqinisa iplastiki. iinzame zokunciphisa. Phakathi kwabo, kushishino lokutya, kuyafuneka ukuba ekupheleni kuka-2020, umzi-mveliso wezokutya wesixeko wonke uya kuthintela ukusetyenziswa kweengca zeplastiki ezingonakaliyo, iingxowa zeplastiki ezingenakonakala ukuze zithathwe (kubandakanywa nephakheji yokutya) iinkonzo. kwiindawo ezakhiweyo, kunye neetafile zeplastiki ezilahlwayo ezingaboliyo kwiinkonzo zokutyela kwiindawo ezakhiweyo kunye neendawo ezibukekayo.
Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari ka-2021, iibhegi zokuthenga ezithengiswa kwivenkile yethu enkulu zonke ziibhegi zokuthenga ezonakeleyo, ibhegi enye enkulu kwi-1.2 yuan kunye nebhegi encinci enye kwiikona ezi-6. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, nceda uzithenge kwiofisi yomgcini-mali.” Ngomhla we-5 kaJanuwari, intatheli yafika e-Meilianmei Supermarket, e-Ande Road, kwiSithili sase-Xicheng, e-Beijing. Usasazo lwevenkile enkulu belukhupha ulwazi olufanelekileyo olukhawulezileyo. Izingxobo zeplastiki ezonakeleyo zibekwe kwikhawuntara yokuphuma kwivenkile enkulu kunye nekhowudi yokuzenzela yokukhangela indawo yokuphuma, kwaye amaxabiso aphawulwe. Uninzi lwabathengi abangaphezu kwama-30 abaye bahlawula iiakhawunti zabo basebenzise iibhegi zabo ezingezizo ezilukiweyo, kwaye abanye abathengi batyhalela iimpahla kwindawo yokuphuma yevenkile kwaye bazilayisha kwiitreyila zokuthenga.
“Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abathengi abaninzi baye banomkhwa wokusebenzisa iibhegi ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.” Umntu ofanelekileyo ophethe i-Wumart Group uxelele intatheli ukuba ngoku, zonke iivenkile kunye nokuhanjiswa kweQela le-Wumart eBeijing naseTianjin zitshintshwe ngeengxowa zeplastiki ezonakeleyo. Ukujonga ekuphunyezweni kwezi ntsuku zamva nje, umthamo wokuthengisa weengxowa zeplastiki ezihlawulweyo wehlile xa uthelekisa nexesha elidlulileyo, kodwa awubonakali.
Intatheli yabona kwivenkile enkulu yaseWal-Mart kufutshane neXuanwumen, eBeijing ukuba i-cashier kunye ne-self-service cashier nazo zixhotyiswe ngeebhegi zokuthenga ezonakeleyo. Kukwakho nezilogeni ezitsala amehlo phambi kwe-cashier, ezicela abathengi ukuba bathathe iingxowa eziluhlaza kwaye basebenze njengamatsha ntliziyo “wokunciphisa iplastiki”.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba uthintelo lweplastiki luyakhuthazwa kwintsimi yokutya kunye nokusela isiselo. Umntu onoxanduva lwe-Meituan Takeaway uthe i-Meituan iya kunika umdlalo ogcweleyo kwiinzuzo zokudibanisa abathengisi kunye nabasebenzisi, ukudibanisa izibonelelo zoshishino, kunye nokusebenzisana namashishini anyukayo nasezantsi ukukhuthaza ngokubambisana ukuphuhliswa kokusingqongileyo kwishishini. Ngokumalunga nokunciphisa ukupakisha, ukongeza kwinketho ethi "akukho tafile efunekayo" emgceni, i-Meituan Takeaway isuse iingxowa zokupakisha zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo kunye neendiza ezivela kwimarike yenkonzo yomthengisi, yamisa indawo yokukhusela indalo, kwaye yazisa ababoneleli bokupakisha abahlukeneyo. ukwandisa ngokuqhubekayo unikezelo lweemveliso zokupakisha zokusingqongileyo.
Iiodolo zeendiza ezonakeleyo zonyuke kakhulu
Ekupheleni kuka-2020, izitro zeplastiki ezilahlwayo ezingaboliyo ziya kuvalwa kushishino lokutya kwilizwe lonke. Ngaba uya kukwazi ukusela ngolonwabo kwixesha elizayo?
UWang Jianhui, intloko yesebe lezobudlelwane noluntu eBeijing McDonald's, uxelele iintatheli ukuba ukusukela nge-30 kaJuni ka-2020, abathengi abaphantse babe li-1,000 XNUMX zokutyela iMcDonald's eBeijing, eShanghai, eGuangzhou naseShenzhen bakwazile ukusela ngokuthe ngqo iziselo ezibandayo ngaphandle kwezinto eziqinileyo ngokusebenzisa izivalo zekomityi entsha. . Okwangoku, indawo yokutyela yaseBeijing McDonald's iphumeze iimfuno zomgaqo-nkqubo ezifanelekileyo, ezinjengokumisa zonke izitro zeplastiki, ukubuyisela iingxowa zokupakisha zesiselo kunye neeplastiki ezonakeleyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweeplanga zokusika izinto zetafile ezilahlwayo.
Ukongeza kwisisombululo sesivalo sekomityi yokusela ngokuthe ngqo, kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zeendiza ezichithwayo ezikhuthazwa ngokubanzi kwiimarike ngoku: enye i-straws yamaphepha; Kukwakho ne-polylactic acid (PLA) straw, eqhelekileyo emulsified ngezinto ezisekelwe kwi-starch kwaye ine-biodegradability elungileyo. Ukongeza, izitro zentsimbi engatyiwa, izitro ze-bamboo, njl.
Xa wayetyelele ikofu ye-Luckin, i-Starbucks, i-Little Milk Tea kunye nezinye iivenkile zesiselo sophawu, intatheli yafumanisa ukuba izitro zeplastiki ezilahlwayo zazingasabonelelwa, kodwa zatshintshwa ngeendiza zephepha okanye izitro zeplastiki ezonakeleyo.
Ngobusuku be-4 kaJanuwari, xa intatheli idlan'indlebe noLi Erqiao, umphathi jikelele weZhejiang Yiwu Shuangtong Daily Necessities Co., Ltd., wayexakeke ukulungelelanisa umthamo wemveliso yeemveliso zomququ. Njengeshishini elihamba phambili kwishishini le-straw, i-Shuangtong Inkampani inokubonelela ngee-polylactic acid straws, i-straws yephepha, i-straws yensimbi engenasici kunye nezinye iimveliso kubathengi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
“Kutshanje, inani leeodolo ezifunyenweyo kulo mzi-mveliso liye lantinga, yaye iiodolo ziye zafakwa ngoAprili.” U-Li Erqiao uthe ngaphambi kokuba "ukuvalwa kweplastiki" kuqale ukusebenza, nangona uShuangtong wanika abathengi iingcebiso, abathengi abaninzi babekwimeko yokulinda kwaye babone, kwaye basweleke ukugcina isitokhwe kwangaphambili, nto leyo ekhokelele “ekuntlithekani” iodolo ngoku. “Okwangoku, uninzi lwamandla emveliso yenkampani lufakwe kwimveliso yeendiza ezinokonakala, kwaye abanye abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekuveliseni izitro zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo bahlengahlengiswe kumgca wemveliso yeemveliso ezinokonakala, ngaloo ndlela besandisa ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo.”
"Okwangoku, sinokubonelela malunga neetoni ezingama-30 zeemveliso ezinokonakala yonke imihla, kwaye siya kuqhubeka nokwandisa umthamo wemveliso kwixesha elizayo." U-Li Erqiao uthe njengoko umnyhadala weNtwasahlobo usondela, abathengi abaninzi kufuneka bagcine isitokhwe kwangaphambili, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iiodolo ziqhubeke nokunyuka kwixesha elizayo.
Ukukhuthaza ukucuthwa kokusetyenziswa kweplastiki ngendlela enocwangco
Kudliwano-ndlebe, intatheli yafunda ukuba iindleko kunye namava kwezinye iimveliso ziye zaba zizinto ezibalulekileyo kumashishini ukukhetha. Xa sithatha izitro njengomzekelo, ixabiso leengca zeplastiki eziqhelekileyo limalunga ne-8,000 yeeyuan ngetoni nganye, izitro ze-polylactic acid ziphantse zibe ngama-40,000 eeyuan ngetoni nganye, kwaye imiququ yephepha imalunga ne-22,000 yeeyuan ngetoni nganye, nto leyo elingana nokuphinda kabini ukuya kathathu kweplastiki. iindiza.
Kumava okusetyenziswa, i-straw yephepha akulula ukungena kwifilimu yokutywina, kwaye ayixutywanga; Abanye bade babe nevumba le-pulp okanye iglue, elichaphazela kakhulu incasa yesiselo ngokwaso. I-Polylactic acid straw kulula ukubola, ngoko ke umjikelezo wobomi bemveliso ufutshane.
U-Li Erqiao uthe ngokwembono yemfuno yabathengi, iindiza ze-polylactic acid zikhethwa ngakumbi kwimarike yokutya, kwaye amava okusebenzisa angcono. Zininzi izitro zephepha kwimarike yeshaneli kuba ubomi beshelufu bude.
“Okwangoku, iindleko zeeplastiki ezonakeleyo ziya kuba ngaphezulu
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-30-2021
